解剖学和形态学
麻醉学
听力与言语-语言病理学
行为科学
心脏和心血管系统
细胞和组织工程学
临床神经病学
危重症监护医学
牙科,口腔外科和医学
皮肤病学
急诊医学
内分泌学和新陈代谢
肠胃学和肝脏学
老人病学和老年医学
卫生保健科学和服务
血液学
免疫学
传染病
综合和补充性医学
医学伦理学
医学信息学
医学实验室技术
医学,全科和内科
医学,法律
医学,研究和试验
神经系统科学
护理
营养学和饮食学
产科医学和妇科医学
肿瘤学
眼科学
整形外科学
耳鼻喉科学
病理学
儿科学
周围血管疾病
药理学和药剂学
生理学
基本医疗保健
精神病学
公共、环境和职业卫生
放射学,核医学和医学成像
康复学
生殖生物学
呼吸系统
风湿病学
运动科学
外科学
毒理学
热带医学
泌尿学和肾脏学
病毒学
老年医学
健康政策和服务
心理学,临床
abstract::Because it is unknown whether 24-h energy expenditure (EE) responses to dietary extremes will identify phenotypes associated with weight regulation, the aim of this study was to determine whether such responses to fasting or overfeeding are associated with future weight change. The 24-h EE during energy balance, fasti...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-0382
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoglycemia limits optimal glycemic control in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), making novel strategies to mitigate it desirable. We hypothesized that portal (Po) vein insulin delivery would lessen hypoglycemia. In the conscious dog, insulin was infused into the hepatic Po vein or a peripheral (Pe) vein at a rate fou...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-0071
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) mediates inflammation and stress signals in cells. To test NF-κB in the control of hepatic insulin sensitivity, we inactivated NF-κB in the livers of C57BL/6 mice through deletion of the p65 gene, which was achieved by crossing floxed-p65 and Alb-cre mice to generate ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-0242
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated how maternal overnutrition and obesity regulate expression and activation of proteins that facilitate lipid transport in the placenta. To create a maternal overnutrition and obesity model, primiparous C57BL/6 mice were fed a high-fat (HF) diet throughout gestation. Fetuses from HF-fed dams had ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1627
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obesity is increasing, yet despite the necessity of maintaining muscle mass and function with age, the effect of obesity on muscle protein turnover in older adults remains unknown. Eleven obese (BMI 31.9 ± 1.1 kg · m(-2)) and 15 healthy-weight (BMI 23.4 ± 0.3 kg · m(-2)) older men (55-75 years old) participated in a s...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-0021
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::GAD autoantibodies (GADAs) are sensitive markers of islet autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. They form the basis of robust prediction models and are widely used for the recruitment of subjects at high risk of type 1 diabetes to prevention trials. However, GADAs are also found in many individuals at low risk of diabetes...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1693
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to investigate the causal effect of circulating uric acid concentrations on type 2 diabetes risk. A Mendelian randomization study was performed using a genetic score with 24 uric acid-associated loci. We used data of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC)-InterAct case-cohort ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0742
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial ADP transport may represent a convergence point unifying two prominent working models for the development of insulin resistance, as reactive lipids (specifically palmitoyl-CoA [P-CoA]) can inhibit ADP transport and subsequently increase mitochondrial reactive oxygen species emissions. In the current stud...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1838
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes has increased interest in pathways that affect energy balance in mammalian systems. Brown fat, in all of its dimensions, can increase energy expenditure through the dissipation of chemical energy in the form of heat, using mitochondrial uncoupling and perhaps other pathways....
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/db15-0318
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The paucity of animal models exhibiting full pathology of diabetic retinopathy (DR) has impeded understanding of the pathogenesis of DR and the development of therapeutic interventions. Here, we investigated whether hyperhexosemic marmosets (Callithrix jacchus) develop characteristic retinal vascular lesions including...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0866
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes diagnostic therapy and research would strongly benefit from noninvasive accurate imaging of the functional β-cells in the pancreas. Here, we developed an analysis of functional β-cell mass (BCM) by measuring manganese (Mn(2+)) uptake kinetics into glucose-stimulated β-cells by T1-weighted in vivo Mn(2+)-media...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0864
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the third in a series of Perspectives on intracellular signaling pathways coupled to proliferation in pancreatic β-cells. We contrast the large knowledge base in rodent β-cells with the more limited human database. With the increasing incidence of type 1 diabetes and the recognition that type 2 diabetes is als...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/db14-1843
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation is a critical event that accentuates atherosclerosis by promoting an inflammatory environment within the vessel wall. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanisms responsible for monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and, subsequently, the effect of metformin in regre...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1225
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin and exercise stimulate glucose uptake into skeletal muscle via different pathways. Both stimuli converge on the translocation of the glucose transporter GLUT4 from intracellular vesicles to the cell surface. Two Rab guanosine triphosphatases-activating proteins (GAPs) have been implicated in this process: AS16...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1489
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Studies in rodents suggest that insulin controls hepatic glucose metabolism through brain-liver crosstalk, but human studies using intranasal insulin to mimic central insulin delivery have provided conflicting results. In this randomized controlled crossover trial, we investigated the effects of intranasal insulin on ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0892
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent study identified a low-frequency variant at CCND2 associated with lower risk of type 2 diabetes, enhanced insulin response to a glucose challenge, higher height, and, paradoxically, higher BMI. We aimed to replicate the strength and effect size of these associations in independent samples and to assess the un...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1456
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoglycemia is associated with increased activity in the low-frequency bands in the electroencephalogram (EEG). We investigated whether hypoglycemia awareness and unawareness are associated with different hypoglycemia-associated EEG changes in patients with type 1 diabetes. Twenty-four patients participated in the st...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1359
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Metformin is the most widely prescribed medication for the treatment of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, gastrointestinal (GI) side effects develop in ~25% of patients treated with metformin, leading to the discontinuation of therapy in ~5% of cases. We hypothesized that reduced transport of metformin via organic catio...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1388
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Patients with long-standing type 1 diabetes (T1D) may exhibit defective glucose counterregulation and impaired hypoglycemia symptom recognition that substantially increase their risk for experiencing severe hypoglycemia. The purpose of this study was to determine whether intrahepatic islet transplantation improves end...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1620
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) exerts vasoprotective effects. Such benefit in diabetic vasculopathy, however, remains unclear. We hypothesize that bilirubin mediates HO-1-induced vascular benefits in diabetes. Diabetic db/db mice were treated with hemin (HO-1 inducer) for 2 weeks, and aortas were isolated for functional and ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1391
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Targeting of the GLP-1 receptor with (111)In-labeled exendin is an attractive approach to determine the β-cell mass (BCM). Preclinical studies as well as a proof-of-concept study in type 1 diabetic patients and healthy subjects showed a direct correlation between BCM and radiotracer uptake. Despite these promising ini...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1212
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent preclinical studies showed the potential of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD(+)) precursors to increase oxidative phosphorylation and improve metabolic health, but human data are lacking. We hypothesize that the nicotinic acid derivative acipimox, an NAD(+) precursor, would directly affect mitochondrial f...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db14-0667
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and GLP-1 are incretins secreted by respective K and L enteroendocrine cells after eating and amplify glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS). This amplification has been termed the "incretin response." To determine the role(s) of K cells for the incretin response...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-1188
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments in rodents suggest that hypothalamic insulin signaling essentially contributes to the acute control of peripheral glucose homeostasis. Against this background, we investigated in healthy humans whether intranasal (IN) insulin, which is known to effectively reach the brain compartment, impacts systemic gluc...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/db14-0931
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling pathways activated by leptin in metabolically important organs have largely been studied only in animal and/or cell culture studies. In this study, we examined whether leptin has similar effects in human peripheral tissues in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro and whether the response would be different in lean and...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0625
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::WISP1 (Wnt1-inducible signaling pathway protein-1, also known as CCN4) is a member of the secreted extracellular matrix-associated proteins of the CCN family and a target gene of the Wingless-type (WNT) signaling pathway. Growing evidence links the WNT signaling pathway to the regulation of adipogenesis and low-grade ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0444
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes is characterized by altered metabolism of key molecules and regulatory pathways. The phenotypic expression of diabetes and associated complications encompasses complex interactions between genetic, environmental, and tissue-specific factors that require an integrated understanding of perturbations in the netw...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2337/db14-0509
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::An epidemic of obesity and type 2 diabetes is linked with the increase in consumption of fructose-containing sugars, such as sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup. In mammalian cells, fructose is metabolized predominantly via phosphorylation to fructose-1 phosphate by ketohexokinase (KHK) or by alternative pathways. He...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0411
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase, regulates a host of target proteins, including peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-γ coactivator-1α (PGC-1α), a transcriptional coregulator that binds to numerous transcription factors in response to deacetylation to promote mitochondrial biogen...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0325
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defects in insulin production and signaling are suspected to share a key role in diabetes and Alzheimer disease (AD), two age-related pathologies. In this study, we investigated the interrelation between AD and diabetes using a high-fat diet (HFD) in a mouse model of genetically induced AD-like neuropathology (3xTg-AD...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0375
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Body weight is tightly regulated by food intake and energy dissipation, and obesity is related to decreased energy expenditure (EE). Herein, we show that nucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (ENPP2, autotaxin) is an adipose-derived, secreted enzyme that controls adipose expansion, brown adipose tissue (BAT) ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1694
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Little is known about the molecular mechanisms underlying age-dependent deterioration in β-cell function. We now demonstrate that age-dependent impairment in insulin release, and thereby glucose homeostasis, is associated with subtle changes in Ca(2+) dynamics in mouse β-cells. We show that these changes are likely to...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1855
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::GLP-1 and incretin mimetics, such as exenatide, have been shown to attenuate hepatocyte steatosis in vivo and in vitro, but the specific underlying mechanism is unclear. SIRT1, an NAD(+)-dependent protein deacetylase, has been considered as a crucial regulator in hepatic lipid homeostasis by accumulated studies. Here,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db14-0263
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using the hyperglycemic and euglycemic clamp, we demonstrated impaired β-cell function in obese youth with increasing dysglycemia. Herein we describe oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT)-modeled β-cell function and incretin effect in obese adolescents spanning the range of glucose tolerance. β-Cell function parameters w...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1951
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Irs2-deficient mice develop type 2-like diabetes due to a reduction in β-cell mass and a failure of pancreatic islets to undergo compensatory hyperplasia in response to insulin resistance. In order to define the molecular mechanisms, we knocked down Irs2 gene expression in mouse MIN6 insulinoma cells. Insulin receptor...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1814
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in several genes cause nonautoimmune diabetes, but numerous patients still have unclear genetic defects, hampering our understanding of the development of the disease and preventing pathogenesis-oriented treatment. We used whole-genome sequencing with linkage analysis to study a consanguineous family with ea...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1784
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In pancreatic β-cells, closure of the ATP-sensitive K(+) (K(ATP)) channel is an initial process triggering glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. In addition, constitutive opening of background nonselective cation channels (NSCCs) is essentially required to effectively evoke depolarization as a consequence of K(ATP) ch...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1868
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is hallmarked by insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion, and increased hepatic glucose production. The worldwide increasing prevalence of T2D calls for efforts to understand its pathogenesis in order to improve disease prevention and management. Recent genome-wide association studies have...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1921
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperactivation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) in β-cells is usually found as a consequence of increased metabolic load. Although it plays an essential role in β-cell compensatory mechanisms, mTORC1 negatively regulates autophagy. Using a mouse model with β-cell-specific deletion of Tsc2 (βTsc...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-0970
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Brown adipose tissue oxidizes chemical energy for heat generation and energy expenditure. Promoting brown-like transformation in white adipose tissue (WAT) is a promising strategy for combating obesity. Here, we find that targeted deletion of KH-type splicing regulatory protein (KSRP), an RNA-binding protein that regu...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db13-1901
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00